Start brining no later than the evening before cooking.
In a large stockpot, combine all brine ingredients except water and ice. Bring to a boil, stirring until salt and sugar dissolve.
Turn off heat, stir in 1 gallon cold water, and let brine cool completely. (Chill in fridge or freezer briefly to speed cooling.)
Prepare the Turkey
Use a fresh or fully thawed turkey. Remove wrapping and cavity parts (neck, heart, liver) – save for giblet gravy if desired.
Remove the plastic leg holder with kitchen shears.Place turkey in a large stockpot or brining bag.
Soak the Turkey
Pour the cooled brine over the turkey.
Cover the pot or tie the brining bag securely. Weigh down the turkey if needed to keep fully submerged.
Brine 1 hour per pound; ideally 16 hours, minimum 8 hours, maximum 36 hours.
Rinse & Roast
Fill the brining pot or bucket with fresh cold water and soak the turkey briefly to remove excess salt.Pat dry with paper towels. For extra-crispy skin, chill uncovered in the fridge for a few hours before roasting.(You can probably skip this step for pre-brined turkeys if using a half-salt brine.)